Authorship Criteria

Journal of English Education Studies (JEES) is committed to maintaining transparent, fair, and responsible authorship practices in scholarly publishing. Authorship must reflect meaningful intellectual contributions to the research and preparation of a manuscript. The journal follows the authorship principles recommended by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Academic titles, institutional positions, financial support, or personal relationships alone do not qualify an individual for authorship.

To be recognized as an author, an individual must meet four essential criteria: (1) make substantial contributions to the conception or design of the study, or to the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of research data; (2) participate in drafting the manuscript or critically reviewing its intellectual content; (3) approve the final version of the manuscript for publication; and (4) accept responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the work. All individuals who meet these criteria should be included as authors, while those who provide contributions without meeting all criteria may be acknowledged with their permission.

The order of authors must be determined through mutual agreement among all contributors, considering their respective intellectual contributions. Each author should have a clearly defined role in the research, such as conceptualization, methodology, investigation, data analysis, manuscript preparation, or critical revision. The corresponding author is responsible for communication with the journal, ensuring that all authors have approved the submitted manuscript, and providing accurate information regarding authorship, affiliations, funding, and competing interests.

JEES does not permit inappropriate authorship practices, including gift authorship, guest authorship, and ghost authorship. Individuals who have not made qualifying contributions must not be included as authors, and qualified contributors must not be intentionally excluded. Artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as authors because they cannot accept responsibility for scholarly work. Any substantial use of such tools must be disclosed in accordance with the journal's applicable publication ethics requirements.

Any request to add, remove, or rearrange authors after manuscript submission must include a clear explanation and written agreement from all authors concerned. Such changes require editorial approval before implementation. Authorship disputes may be referred to the relevant institutions when independent investigation is necessary. By submitting a manuscript to JEES, all authors confirm that they meet the authorship criteria, approve the submission, and agree to comply with the journal's publication ethics policies.